Your Texas Electricity Guide

How to choose and switch a Texas electricity plan

In most of Texas you pick your own retail electricity provider. This guide walks you through how it works, what to compare, and how to switch. Enter your ZIP to see the plans available at your address and enroll online.

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How Texas got the power to choose

For most of the last century, one utility owned everything from the power plant to your meter, and you had no say in who sold you electricity. That changed at the turn of the century.

Senate Bill 7 and the 2002 opening

In 1999, Governor George W. Bush signed Senate Bill 7, the law that broke up the old monopoly and ordered Texas to open electricity to retail competition. On January 1, 2002, the market opened: for the first time, most Texas homes and businesses could choose their own retail electric provider, while the local wires company kept delivering the power.

The law split the business into three roles — the companies that generate power, the regulated utility (TDU) that delivers it, and the retail providers like Ambit that compete to sell it to you.

ERCOT, the PUCT, and your protections

The Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) named ERCOT the independent operator of the state grid, charged with keeping the lights on and running a fair, competitive market. Senate Bill 7 also locked in consumer protections every provider must honor:

  • Safe, reliable, and reasonably priced electricity
  • Clear, accurate billing and honest plan disclosures (the EFL)
  • Accurate metering and protection of your private information
  • The right to switch providers, listed on the PUCT’s official Power to Choose site

Bottom line: deregulation moved the choice from the utility to you. The wires and outages stay with your local TDU, but the plan, price, and rewards are yours to shop. Enter your ZIP above to see what is available at your address.

Why Texas runs its own grid

Texas is the only state with its own self-contained power grid, and that independence is the reason it can run a competitive market the way it does.

A grid built to stay inside Texas

When the federal government gained authority over interstate electricity sales under the Federal Power Act of 1935, Texas utilities made a deliberate choice: keep the power inside state lines. If electricity never crosses a state border, it is not interstate commerce, so the Texas grid largely sits outside federal (FERC) jurisdiction. Utilities linked their networks during World War II to power the war effort, formed the Texas Interconnected System, and in 1970 organized it as ERCOT.

One of only three grids in the country

The lower 48 states run on three grids: the Eastern Interconnection, the Western Interconnection, and ERCOT, which covers about 90% of Texas and ties to its neighbors only through a few small direct-current connections. That self-reliance is what lets Texas write its own market rules, including the retail competition that lets you choose your provider.

A bit of Texas lore: in the 1976 “Midnight Connection,” a utility briefly flipped power into Oklahoma to test federal authority over the grid. The independence held.

How deregulated Texas electricity works

In most of Texas, two different companies touch your power. Knowing which does what is the whole game.

Your retail provider (REP)

  • Who they are: companies like Ambit Energy that sell you an electricity plan.
  • What they set: your rate, your contract term, and your billing.
  • Your choice: you pick the REP, and you can switch when you want.
  • Why ZIP matters: the plans and prices a REP can offer change by ZIP and by usage.

This is the part you control. Picking the right REP and plan is where the savings and the rewards come from.

Your Transmission and Distribution Utility (TDU)

  • Who they are: the Transmission and Distribution Utility: Oncor, CenterPoint, AEP Texas, or TNMP.
  • What they do: own the poles, wires, and meters and restore outages.
  • Assigned, not chosen: your TDU is set by your address. Switching REPs never changes it.
  • Same for everyone: TDU delivery charges are regulated and identical across all providers in that area.

Because the TDU is the same no matter who you buy from, your power stays on through a switch and outages are handled the same way.

Understand the details before you switch

The pieces that decide what you actually pay, in plain English.

Why electricity rates vary by ZIP code

Every provider asks for your ZIP first because the plans and prices they can offer change from place to place. A few reasons drive that:

  • TDU delivery charges differ between utility areas.
  • Local competition shifts the range of prices on offer.
  • Usage patterns vary between urban and rural areas.
  • Wholesale energy costs differ across TDU load zones.

Even neighboring cities like Dallas and Fort Worth can land on different rates depending on promotions, plan structure, and delivery fees. That is why a real comparison starts with your address, not a single statewide average.

How to read the Electricity Facts Label (EFL)

The EFL is the nutrition label of any Texas electricity plan. It shows the real cost details, not just the headline number. Read these lines closely:

  • Average price at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 kWh: shows how the plan behaves at different usage levels.
  • Base or minimum usage fees: extra charges if you do not hit a certain kWh.
  • Bill credit rules: for example, a credit that only applies between 1,000 and 2,000 kWh.
  • TDU delivery charges: regulated charges that update a couple of times per year.
  • Contract length and early-termination fee: what it costs if you leave early.
  • Renewable content: the percentage of energy from renewable sources.

A plan can advertise a low rate that only appears at one very specific usage level. When in doubt, compare the 1,000 kWh number, the statewide benchmark for plan comparisons.

The plan types you will see, and who they fit
  • Fixed-rate: the rate stays the same for the whole term. Best for budgeting and stability.
  • Variable or indexed: the rate can change month to month with the market. Bills can spike, so it fits few homes.
  • Time-of-use: free nights or free weekends. Best when you can shift laundry, dishwashing, and EV charging into the free window.
  • Bill credit or usage credit: a credit kicks in once you pass a usage threshold. Great if you reliably hit it, painful if you fall just short.
  • Prepaid: pay as you go with no traditional deposit or credit check. Handy for short stays, but rates can run higher.
Moving to Texas? Setting up electricity

Setting up power in a deregulated part of Texas is quick and can often be done same day or next day. Have these ready:

  • Your new address and ZIP code
  • Your planned move-in date
  • Your ID or SSN, for a soft credit check
  • An estimate of your usage: small apartment, townhome, or full house

You can start or switch service online in a few minutes. If you are renting, the office may suggest a provider, but in most deregulated areas you are free to choose any provider that serves your ZIP.

Electricity for apartments

Smaller homes do best with plans built for lower usage:

  • Plans that do not punish low usage under 800 to 900 kWh.
  • Shorter terms that match your lease length.
  • Fixed-rate plans for a predictable monthly bill.

If your usage is consistently under 700 kWh, be cautious with bill-credit and minimum-usage plans. They are often designed for larger homes and can cost an apartment more.

TDU service areas and outage contacts

Your TDU handles outages and delivery, not your retail provider. Keep its emergency number handy.

Utility (TDU) Typical service area Outage phone
CenterPoint Energy Greater Houston metro area 800-332-7143
Oncor Dallas–Fort Worth and much of North, Central, and West Texas (including Midland–Odessa) 888-313-4747
AEP Texas North Abilene, San Angelo, and surrounding West and North Texas 866-223-8508
AEP Texas Central Corpus Christi, Victoria, the Coastal Bend, and the Rio Grande Valley 866-223-8508
TNMP (Texas-New Mexico Power) Scattered areas of the Gulf Coast, North, and West Texas 888-866-7456
LP&L (Lubbock Power & Light) Lubbock — opened to retail competition in 2024 806-775-2509

Ready to see your plans?

Enter your ZIP to compare real Texas rates and enroll online.

Texas electricity questions

How do I know if I live in a deregulated area?

If you are in cities like Houston, Dallas, Fort Worth, Corpus Christi, Lubbock, Midland, Odessa, Abilene, or many surrounding suburbs, you are likely in a deregulated area where you can choose your electricity provider.

Will my electricity get disconnected when I switch providers?

No. Switching providers in deregulated Texas is designed to be seamless. As long as your account is in good standing, your power stays on while the switch is processed.

Do I choose my TDU?

No. Your TDU is assigned based on your physical location. You choose the retail provider, like Ambit Energy, but the TDU that maintains the grid in your area stays the same.

Are delivery charges the same for every provider?

Yes. TDU delivery charges are regulated by the state and are identical across all providers in that service area. Every provider passes through those same charges on your bill.

What contract length is best?

Many Texans choose a 12-month fixed plan for balance and predictability. When rates are favorable, longer terms like 24 or 36 months can lock in protection for a longer period.

Call or text (361) 582-9724

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